Abstract: This paper presents a new analysis of ocean heat content changes over the last 50 yr using isotherms by calculating the mean temperature above the 14°C isotherm and the depth of the 14°C isotherm as separate variables. A ...

Abstract: A regional general circulation model (GCM) of the Indian Ocean is used to investigate the influence of prescribed diapycnal diffusivity (Kd) on quasi-steady states of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). The model ...

Abstract: n the mid-1990s, the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic underwent a remarkable rapid warming, with sea surface temperatures increasing by around 1°C in just 2 yr. This rapid warming followed a prolonged positive phase of ...

Abstract: AbstractTime-varying biases in expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments have emerged as a key uncertainty in estimates of historical ocean heat content variability and change. One of the challenges in the development ...

Abstract: A set of headline global climate indicators has been developed to support assessments of the state of the global climate.The World Meteorological Organization has developed a set of headline indicators for global climate ...