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Parameterization of Vertical Mixing in Numerical Models of Tropical Oceans
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Measurements indicate that mixing processes are intense in the surface layers of the ocean but weak below the thermocline, except for the region below the core of the Equatorial Undercurrent where vertical temperature ...
A GCM Study of Tropical–Subtropical Upper-Ocean Water Exchange
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Experiments with an oceanic general circulation model indicate that the tropical and subtropical oceanic circulations are linked in three ways. Far from coast in the oceanic interior, equatorial surface waters flow poleward ...
The Oceanic Response to Large-Scale Atmospheric Disturbances
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: This paper is an analytical and numerical study of the response of the ocean to the fluctuating component of the wind stress as computed from twice-daily weather maps for the period 1973 to 1976. The results are described ...
Unstable Air-Sea Interactions in the Tropics
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: During El Niño Southern Oscillation events modest anomalies amplify spatially and temporally until the entire tropical Pacific Ocean and the global atmospheric circulation are affected. Unstable interactions between the ...
Initial Conditions for a General Circulation Model of Tropical Oceans
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A general circulation model of the tropical Pacific Ocean, which realistically simulates El Niño of 1982?83, has been used to determine how different initial conditions affect the model. Given arbitrary initial conditions ...
Simulation of ENSO with a Global Atmospheric GCM Coupled to a High-Resolution, Tropical Pacific Ocean GCM
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A global atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) coupled to an oceanic GCM that is dynamically active only in the tropical Pacific simulates variability over a broad spectrum of frequencies even though the forcing, the ...
The Effect of Salinity on the Wind-Driven Circulation and the Thermal Structure of the Upper Ocean
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Studies of the effect of a freshening of the surface waters in high latitudes on the oceanic circulation have thus far focused almost entirely on the deep thermohaline circulation and its poleward heat transport. Here it ...
Why the ITCZ Is Mostly North of the Equator
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Although the distribution of sunshine is symmetrical about the equator, the earth's climate is not. Climatic asymmetries are prominent in the eastern tropical Pacific and Atlantic Oceans where the regions of maximum sea ...