Abstract: The vertically integrated atmospheric vorticity budget over the oceans offers, in principle, a possibility of determining the surface stress curl from upper wind data without the need to specify a relationship between the ...

Abstract: The global distribution of the forcing of the time-mean flow due to large-scale, horizontal Reynolds stresses (u? u?, v? v?, u? v?) is determined from upper wind statistics for the period 1968?73. The role of this forcing ...

Abstract: The authors have empirically examined the dependence of the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) on sea surface temperature (Ts), precipitable water (W), and height-mean relative humidity (RH?). The OLR is obtained from 4 yr ...

Abstract: The poleward energy transports in the atmosphere?ocean system are estimated for the annual mean and the four seasons based on satellite measurements of the net radiation balance at the top of the atmosphere, atmospheric ...