Abstract: A nonlinear elastoplastic finite-element (FE) model for face-shell-bedded hollow masonry using isoparametric shell elements has been developed. The nonlinear behavior of the masonry in compression due to progressive cracking, ...

Abstract: The relationship between the pattern of surface strain and the site of failure in maturing rabbit ligaments was studied in vitro. Bone-medial collateral ligament (MCL)-bone complexes of 24 female ...

Abstract: There are disparate views on the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties of ligaments and tendons. We attempted to resolve the inconsistencies by testing the medial collateral ligaments ...

Abstract: In order to study the effect of intra-operative tensioning on the laxity and strength of healing ligament grafts in an animal model, a method of quantifying graft tension was needed. In this ...

Abstract: In normal daily activities, ligaments are subjected to repeated loads, and respond to this environment with creep and fatigue. While progressive recruitment of the collagen fibers is responsible ...

Abstract: There appears to be no generally accepted method of measuring in-situ the cross-sectional area of connective tissues, particularly small ones, before mechanical testing. An instrument has therefore ...

Abstract: Reproduction of the in vivo motions of joints has become possible with improvements in robot technology and in vivo measuring techniques. A motion analysis system has been used to measure the ...