Abstract: In railroads, the vertical alignment design is closely related to the cost of operation because it may affect the required energy consumptions. By considering an innovative vertical alignment design concept such as the ...

Abstract: In this paper two vertical alignment profiles (labeled dipped and undipped) connecting rail transit stations with different elevations are compared. A deterministic simulation model is developed and used to analyze train ...

Abstract: Vertical alignment profiles are generally governed by geographical constraints; however, vertical alignment design is important, as it may significantly affect operating decisions such as travel time and tractive and braking ...