Abstract: Blockage, which arises from accumulated materials like sand, stones, sediment, uncontrolled growth of tree roots within pipes, and the inadvertent partial closure of in-line valves, poses a pervasive challenge in the ...

Abstract: Analysis of water distribution networks (WDNs) is considered to be indispensable for water supply design. Over the last decades, several methods have been developed to formulate and solve the steady-state hydraulic analysis ...

Abstract: The management and operation of water distribution networks (WDNs) by establishing district metered areas (DMAs), especially in existing and old WDNs, has many advantages, including water leakage control, ease of operation, ...

Abstract: The supercritical flow over a side weir is a type of spatially varied flow with decreasing discharge. Most studies of side weir flows are limited to the estimation of the discharge coefficients, and less attention has been ...

Abstract: The high pressure of water distribution networks (WDNs) increases leakage, bursts, and water consumption. Pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) are widely used in WDNs because of their flexibility and effectiveness in pressure ...