Abstract: The downward albedo (irradiance reflectance) r? and the upward albedo r+ of a random air?water surface, formed by capillary waves, are computed as a function of lighting conditions and wind speed by Monte Carlo means for ...

Abstract: No abstract available.

Abstract: A nine year record (December 1973 to February 1983) of seasonal temperature and precipitation anomaly forecasts is examined. The four independent forecasters were J. Namias, the National Weather Service (D. Gilman and ...

Abstract: The problem of determining confidence intervals for climatic signals using data sets with spatial and temporal sampling inhomogeneities is solved by a four-step process. First, the actual data set is analysed to determine ...

Abstract: Radiative transfer calculations are used to quantify the effects of physical and biological processes on variations in the transmission of solar radiation through the upper ocean. Results indicate that net irradiance at ...