Abstract: Accurate discrimination between thin ice and open water using sonar is an important practical concern for the calibration of ice-draft observations and for the use of ice-profiling sonar in climate-related studies of sea ...

Abstract: Vertical air motions within the convective boundary layer over Toronto, Canada, have been observed using a monostatic Doppler echosonde. Data were acquired on cloudless days with strong insolation and light winds, when ...

Abstract: A prototype correlation sonar has been developed for the measurement of ice motion in polar seas. It operates in the very shallow-water mode as a two-pulse spatial correlation log. The design was guided by numerical signal ...

Abstract: The Arctic Ocean is an important link in the global hydrological cycle, storing freshwater and releasing it to the North Atlantic Ocean in a variable fashion as pack ice and freshened seawater. An unknown fraction of this ...

Abstract: A practical technology based on moored subsea instrumentation has been developed to measure the draft of polar pack ice. The technology exploits the complementary capabilities of an ice-profiling sonar designed and built ...