Abstract: he vertically integrated global energy budget is evaluated with a direct and an indirect method (both corrected for mass inconsistencies of the forecast model), mainly using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather ...

Abstract: The method is based on a microheater integrated next to a wire bonding pad (test pad) on a test chip. It is fabricated in CMOS technology without additional micromachining. The microheater consists of two polysilicon ...

Abstract: ast amounts of energy are exchanged between the ocean, atmosphere, and space in association with El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study examines energy budgets of all tropical (30°S?30°N) ocean basins and the ...

Abstract: AbstractThe widely used diagnostic vertically integrated total energy budget equations of atmosphere and ocean contain inconsistencies that should no longer be disregarded. The neglect of enthalpy fluxes associated with ...

Abstract: he variability of zonally resolved tropical energy budgets in association with El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated. The most recent global atmospheric reanalyses from 1979 to 2011 are employed with removal ...

Abstract: Due to the microscopic roughness of contacting materials, an additional thermal resistance arises from the constriction and spreading of heat near contact spots. Predictive models for contact resistance typically consider ...

Abstract: AbstractAs the strongest interannual perturbation to the climate system, El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominates the year-to-year variability of the ocean energy budget. Here we combine ocean observations, reanalyses, ...

Abstract: The objective of this work is to study the ability of friction surfacing to deposit metal alloys that are difficult to process with traditional methods. Creep and neutron irradiation-resistant oxide dispersion strengthened ...