Abstract: An attempt is made to incorporate into a two-layer, zonally averaged, channel ocean model the important transfers achieved by a geostrophic eddy field, using gross parameterizations rather than resolving individual eddy ...

Abstract: The combined problem of determining the ocean circulation and improving the geoid from satellite altimetry is formulated and studied. Minimum variance estimation is used to form optimum estimates of the ocean topography ...

Abstract: Using twice daily synoptic charts, objectively analyzed at the National Meteorological Centre, horizontal eddy fluxes of temperature and quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity are computed for the month Of July 1976, when ...

Abstract: Many recent observations have described fronts in the interior of the ocean at locations far away from any lateral boundaries. Some of these fronts are observed to be associated with considerable mass transports, which ...

Abstract: A flux form of the Potential vorticity (PV) equation is applied to study the creation and transport of potential vorticity in an ocean gyre; generalized PV fluxes (J vectors) and the associated PV flux fines are used to ...

Abstract: A continuously stratified, steady thermocline model is formulated in which a mixed layer of variable depth and density overlies a stratified thermocline. Rather than prescribe the distribution of density and vertical ...

Abstract: The transport of mass between a mixed layer, exposed to mechanical and thermodynamic forcing, and an adiabatic thermocline is studied for gyre-scale motions. It is shown that if the mixed layer can be represented by a ...

Abstract: Stommel argued that the seasonal cycle leads to a bias in the coupling between the surface mixed layer and the main thermocline of the ocean. He suggested that a ?demon? operated that effectively only allowed fluid at the ...

Abstract: The annual rate at which mixed-layer fluid is transferred into the permanent thermocline?that is, the annual subduction rate Sann and the effective subduction period ?eff?is inferred from climatological data in the North ...