Abstract: Theories which associate atmospheric blocking with isolated ?free mode? solutions of the equations of motion are reviewed and the central role played by the potential function ? ≡ dq/d? (where q is the is the quasi-geostrophic ...

Abstract: An isentropic coordinate form of quasigeostrophic potential vorticity is derived. Compared with well-known height and pressure coordinate versions, this isentropic form is more clearly related to Ertel's potential vorticity ...

Abstract: Numerical models of the ocean typically employ gridpoint techniques in which the dynamical variables defining the state of the ocean are held on a staggered grid. One common arrangement of the variables, known as the Arakawa ...