Abstract: A new long-term global observing system is proposed that would provide routine, detailed vertical profiles of measurements in the atmosphere and oceans. The system, which would need to be designed, developed, and operated ...

Abstract: The atmosphere is idealized into two kinematic steady states. The first, common in the earth's atmosphere, is rotational and quasi?nondivergent; the second is divergent and quasi?irrotational (with respect to space). A ...

Abstract: Two sets of initial conditions are used to integrate a three-level quasi-geostrophic model in spectral form. After a maximum perturbation kinetic energy is reached, a barotropic exchange in established between the zonal ...

Abstract: An icosahedral-hexagonal shallow-water model (SWM) on the sphere is formulated on a local Cartesian coordinate based on the general stereographic projection plane. It is discretized with the third-order Adam?Bashforth ...

Abstract: This article is one in a series describing the functionality of the Flow-Following, Finite-Volume Icosahedral Model (FIM) developed at NOAA?s Earth System Research Laboratory. Emphasis in this article is on the design of ...

Abstract: In recent years techniques have been developed to obtain integrated water vapor along slant paths between ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and the GPS satellites. Results are presented of an observing ...

Abstract: he design and performance of the NIM global weather prediction model is described. NIM is a dynamical core designed to run on CPU, GPU and MIC processors. It demonstrates efficient parallel performance and scalability to ...

Abstract: hydrostatic global weather prediction model based on an icosahedral horizontal grid and a hybrid terrain-following/isentropic vertical coordinate is described. The model is an extension to three spatial dimensions of a ...