Abstract: The estimation of energy content of municipal solid waste (MSW) is normally done by the use of modified Dulong equation (MDE). The MDE requires changing all MSW components to percentages of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen ...

Abstract: Seepage of wastewater from cesspools, and of leachate from green areas and parks, results in an annual groundwater rise of 0.5 m in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The rise causes several environmental and structural problems. A ...