Abstract: Many of the clouds important to the Earth's energy balance, from the Tropics to the Arctic, contain small amounts of liquid water. Longwave and shortwave radiative fluxes are very sensitive to small perturbations of the ...

Abstract: High-resolution surface fluxes over the global ocean are needed to evaluate coupled atmosphere?ocean models and weather forecasting models, provide surface forcing for ocean models, understand the regional and temporal ...

Abstract: ew objectively balanced observation-based reconstructions of global and continental energy budgets and their seasonal variability are presented that span the golden decade of Earth-observing satellites at the start of the ...