Abstract: Based on the irreversible thermodynamics, a fully coupled chemomechanical model, i.e., the reaction–diffusion–stress model, is proposed and implemented numerically into the finite element method (FEM) with user-defined ...

Abstract: In conventional analyses of composite laminates, the assumption of perfect bonding of adjoining layers is well accepted, although this is an oversimplification of the reality. It is possible that the bond strength may be ...