Abstract: y analyzing El Niño and La Niña composites with 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data, evidence is presented here that the surface air temperature of the Arctic winter ...

Abstract: An idealized, linear barotropic model on an f plane is used to demonstrate the existence of a zonally localized storm track in the absence of any kind of local instability; with a background flow consisting of two jets ...

Abstract: Linear stability analyses of three-dimensional time-mean flows in a two-level primitive equation model are presented. The model's stationary wave is generated by implementing idealized mountains at the lower boundary. Two ...

Abstract: This article describes the generation and maintenance of persistent zonal jets in a two-layer quasigeostrophic, ?-plane channel model, focusing on the transition from a one to a two jet state. For weak and moderate values ...

Abstract: The effect of barotropic dynamics on atmospheric midlatitude storm tracks is investigated for the Northern Hemisphere winter season, using both observed data analyses and linear barotropic model experiments. It is shown ...

Abstract: A two-layer quasigeostrophic model is used to study the equilibration of baroclinic waves. In this model, if the background flow is relaxed toward a jetlike profile, a finite-amplitude baroclinic wave solution can be ...

Abstract: A two-layer quasigeostrophic model is used to study the effect of lower boundary Ekman pumping on the energetics of baroclinic waves. Although the direct impact of the Ekman pumping is to damp the total eddy energy, either ...

Abstract: Using 16 years of NCEP?NCAR reanalysis data on the 200-mb surface, it is shown that in the deep Tropics, the horizontal transient eddy momentum flux accelerates the zonal mean zonal wind. This acceleration is mainly due ...

Abstract: Multiple zonal jets are investigated with a two-level primitive equation model on the sphere in which both baroclinicity and planetary radius are varied. As in the case for a two-layer quasigeostrophic model on a ?-plane ...

Abstract: The characteristics of two distinct types of wave breaking in an aquaplanet general circulation model (GCM) are described. A systematic analysis of wave breaking is possible because when a baroclinic wave packet is present, ...