Abstract: This paper describes the problem currently facing the building design profession and construction industry with regard to field observation. It states current A/E attitudes on the subject and recommends specific steps to ...

Abstract: Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) beam-columns are categorized as compact, noncompact, or slender depending on the governing slenderness ratio (width-to-thickness

Abstract: Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) beam-columns are categorized as compact, noncompact, or slender depending on the governing slenderness ratio (width-to-thickness b/t or D/t ratio, λ) of the steel-tube wall. The current ...