Abstract: A cooling device using stacked centrifugal fans and circular heat sinks was designed for cooling a semiconductor chip with a heat flux near 125 W/cm2. In this device, heat is conducted from ...

Abstract: The diurnal temperature range (DTR) of surface air over land varies geographically and seasonally. The authors have investigated these variations using generalized additive models (GAMs), a nonlinear regression methodology. ...

Abstract: In many prediction schemes, the skill of long-range forecasts of ENSO events depends on the time of year. Such variability could be directly due to seasonal changes in the basic ocean-atmosphere system or due to the state ...

Abstract: Projected changes in the intensity of severe rain events over the North African Sahel – falling from large mesoscale convective systems – cannot be directly assessed from global climate models due their inadequate resolution ...

Abstract: n recent years, the idea of geoengineering, artificially modifying the climate to reduce global temperatures, has received increasing attention due to the lack of progress in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. ...

Abstract: The Hadley circulation and tropical rain belt are dominant features of African climate. Moist convection provides ascent within the rain belt, but must be parameterized in climate models, limiting predictions. Here, we use ...

Abstract: AbstractThe precipitation and diabatic heating resulting from moist convection make it a key component of the atmospheric water budget in the tropics. With convective parameterization being a known source of uncertainty ...