Abstract: A lateral bracing system is installed at the top flange level of a steel tub girder to form a quasi-closed box, thereby increasing torsional resistance and retaining the original box shape. A single diagonal (SD) type or ...

Abstract: The current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standard specifications for highway bridges and AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications stipulate the computation of the design load ...

Abstract: Trapezoidal steel box girders (also known as tub girders) may be at their critical stage during construction because the noncomposite steel section must support both the wet concrete and the entire construction load. A ...