Abstract: For the design of a transmission piping system, a stress intensification factor (SIF) is generally used for the stress calculations of piping components due to external forces, and the solutions for the single-walled piping ...

Abstract: Pipe-in-pipes (PIPs) are generally applied to the extreme environments such as deep-sea and next-generation reactors due to their functionality and robustness. Thus, it is important to estimate the fracture behaviors of ...