Abstract: A six-node incompatible graded finite element is developed and studied. Such element is recommended for use since it is more accurate than four-node compatible element and more efficient than eight-node compatible element ...

Abstract: Understanding the behavior of carbon diffusion in austenite is critical to the design and optimization of heat treatment processes such as vacuum carburization of alloy steels. The carburization process is complex due to ...

Abstract: Dental interfaces are subject to mixed-mode loading. This study provides practical guidance for determining interfacial fracture toughness of dental ceramic systems. We address interfacial fracture of a composite resin ...