Abstract: Contours of the main thermocline (12°C isotherm depth: Z12) topography objectively generated from Inverted Echo Sounder observations in the Gulf Stream may be treated as a baroclinic, geostrophic streamfunction ?. As ...

Abstract: his paper introduces a next-generation operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) system that was developed at the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction. The new system, HWRF?Hybrid Coordinate ...

Abstract: AbstractThe initialization of ocean conditions is essential to coupled tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts. This study investigates the impact of ocean observation assimilation, particularly underwater glider data, on ...