Abstract: Large-amplitude high-frequency motions can appear in the solution of a hyperbolic system containing multiple time scales unless the initial conditions are suitably adjusted through a process called initialization. We observe ...

Abstract: A 26-level primitive equation spherical harmonic spectral model allowing for both wave-wave and wave-zonal flow interactions is developed for the study of stratospheric sudden warmings simulated by the forcing of a single ...

Abstract: A primitive equation spectral model using spherical harmonics is formulated to study dynamic interactions between the troposphere and stratosphere in association with sudden stratospheric warmings. Using sigma coordinates ...