Abstract: It is found that some stable time-integration schemes for some nonlinear models do not guarantee stable integrations of the associated tangent linear models with the same time step size. These problems usually occur when ...

Abstract: he authors have developed an assimilation system toward coastal data assimilation around Japan, which consists of a four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) assimilation scheme with an eddy-resolving model in the western North ...

Abstract: The authors developed a system for simulating climate variation by constraining the ocean component of a coupled atmosphere?ocean general circulation model (CGCM) through ocean data assimilation and conducted a climate ...

Abstract: our-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) on a seasonal-to-interdecadal time scale under the existence of unstable modes can be viewed as an optimization problem of synchronized, coupled chaotic systems. The ...