Abstract: A displacement estimation method for a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system under seismic excitation is proposed based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF). This method first identifies time intervals where a ...

Abstract: This study presents an efficient, but effective, approach to infer railroad track geometries and locate hanging sleepers from the car body responses. A half-car model is employed to represent the bounce and pitch motions ...