Abstract: A 3D elasto‐plastic finite element model is used to examine the effect of construction over two existing tunnels. Tunnel deformation and the change in lining shape are compared with the field measurements of the York‐Mills ...

Abstract: The polarization and conduction of clay-water-electrolyte systems in a low-frequency electric field can be presented in terms of the Dukhin-Shilov double-layer polarization model and a resistor-in-series model. In an ...