Abstract: Coupling atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface models requires a means for remapping fields between grids in an accurate and conservative manner. A method is described here for computing interpolation weights for ...

Abstract: A data set derived from the United States Historical Climate Network has been compared to two global land-based temperature data sets that have been commonly cited in connection with the detection of the greenhouse effect ...

Abstract: To monitor the world's climate adequately, scientists need data from the ?best? climate stations exchanged internationally on a real-time basis. To make this vision a reality, a global surface reference climatological ...

Abstract: AbstractThe annual cycle of surface air temperature is examined across Northern Hemisphere land areas (north of 25°N) by comparing the results from the Climatic Research Unit Time Series (CRU TS) dataset against four ...

Abstract: This paper discusses a simulation obtained with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ?SKYHI? troposphere?stratosphere?mesosphere general circulation model run at very high horizontal resolution (?60-km grid spacing) ...

Abstract: This paper is the first of a two-part study that investigates internal gravity wave generation by convection in the lower atmosphere of Venus. A two-dimensional, nonlinear, fully compressible model of a perfect gas is ...

Abstract: This paper is the second of a two-part study that numerically investigates internal gravity wave generation by convection in the lower atmosphere of Venus. Part I of this study considers gravity wave generation and propagation ...

Abstract: A two-dimensional, nonlinear, fully compressible model of a perfect gas is used to simulate cloud-level penetrative convection in the Venus atmosphere from 40 to 60 km altitude. Three cases with different amounts of solar ...

Abstract: With few exceptions, spatial estimation of rainfall typically relies on information in the spatial domain only. In this paper, a method that utilizes information in time and space and provides an assessment of estimate ...

Abstract: The effect of sampling error in surface air temperature observations is assessed for detection and attribution of an anthropogenic signal. This error arises because grid-box values are based on varying densities of station ...