Abstract: Current design codes for long-span bridges rely on the conservative live load models developed based on the assumed severe traffic congestion scenarios. To properly consider the site-specific traffic environment in designs ...

Abstract: The flexible pavement system consists of layered structures. Each layer is composed of different materials and represents different response to loading. Successful pavement design, therefore, requires proper evaluation of ...

Abstract: In the reliability assessment of a bridge in operation with regards to its ultimate limit state, it should be noted that the strengths of members and effects of traffic load vary continuously over its lifespan due to the ...