Abstract: Loadbearing concrete block masonry construction in North America is generally designed by engineers as a 50% running bond pattern. However, in some situations an architect opts for a stack pattern (or stack bond) unit ...

Abstract: Shear reinforcement, or stirrups, for reinforced masonry beams made of concrete blocks are placed inside the cells of the units. Since it is a requirement by masonry standards for shear stirrups to hook around the longitudinal ...