Abstract: This paper describes depth-calibrated live-load attenuation for the load rating of reinforced-concrete box culverts using production-simplified models. In-plane depth calibration is accomplished using a production-simplified, ...

Abstract: This paper presents findings from a side-by-side operational comparison of granular road salt (RS) and MeltDown 20 (MD) deicing chemicals for snow and ice control from the perspective of “the maintenance worker in the ...