Abstract: The advantages of bentonite clay for sealing applications are well known. Bentonites have extremely low permeability, do not affect formation water chemistry, and have the ability to swell and deform in response to subsurface ...

Abstract: Shear strength tests are conducted in a model of a water, well on four, commercially available, granular bentonite well sealing products. The time dependency of annulus seal shear strength and resistance to piping is ...

Abstract: Erosion rates of unsaturated compacted Na‐montmorillonite clays are measured under a range of tractive stresses from surface flows in a rectangular flume. The degree of saturation of compacted samples ranges from 0.52–0.97. ...

Abstract: This study investigates headwall influence on local scour downstream of culvert outlets. Scour holes produced by discharging jets of varying duration and magnitude through circular culverts onto a horizontal sand bed were ...

Abstract: A circular shaped culvert was tested with 0, 2, 5, 7, and 10% slopes. The scour hole characteristics of depth, width, length and volume after 316 minutes of testing were correlated to the discharge intensity for each slope. ...

Abstract: A riprap design procedure is developed that is based on local average velocity and local depth. This procedure addresses the influence of riprap gradation, blanket thickness, side slope angle, and channel bends. Example ...

Abstract: Flume studies were conducted in which riprap-protected embankments were subjected to overtopping flows to determine the average interstitial velocity of the through-flow. Velocity measurements were made in riprap having ...

Abstract: Erosion rates of unsaturated compacted sodium and calcium montmorillonite clays are measured under a range of tractive shear stresses. The calcium montmorillonite is treated with additives calcium chloride and sodium ...

Abstract: A study of the effect of the location of the toe of a B‐jump (relative to the break in the channel slope) on its characteristics was designed and implemented. The experimental results were used to introduce new expressions ...