Abstract: Accurate projection of the economic conditions in a country can enable the government to establish appropriate policies in a timely manner. This also applies to enterprises and individuals in terms of decision-making ...

Abstract: The construction industry is a key industry in many countries, usually making up to 5–10% of the overall gross domestic product (GDP). It is closely related to the financial and labor markets, depending on the characteristics ...

Abstract: Because variations associated with the strut-and-tie model (STM) in the design of pier caps could lead to over-reinforcement of steel rebars, special attention should be paid to using STMs for reasonable rebar arrangements. ...