Abstract: In most cryopreservation applications, the final concentrations of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) must be reduced to biocompatible levels. However, traditional methods for removing CPAs usually have ...

Abstract: The ion diffusion in an open nanofluidic system is studied by using an array of nanochannels. The mechanism of the ion diffusion was described through electrowetting-based nanofluidics. An ion ...