Abstract: Initial imperfections have long been acknowledged as having an effect on the behavior of shell structures, affecting both the global and local behavior. Yet, despite their significance, initial ...

Abstract: Full-scale laboratory tests on

Abstract: Cold bends are frequently required in energy pipelines in order to change the vertical and horizontal orientations of the pipeline route. They are produced by plastically bending a pipe joint ...

Abstract: A recent review of available predictive critical buckling strain equations for segments of line pipe has shown that the equations give poor test-to-predicted ratios when validated using the more ...