Abstract: The viability of biological sludges is commonly expressed as the active bacterial concentration per unit mass volatile suspended solids (VSS). Due to the high concentration of paniculate matter in anaerobic sludge digester ...

Abstract: Structural transformation of a model can affect its rationality. Linear transformations of nonlinear models for estimating model parameters often suffer from ratio correlation, the replication of a common variable in the ...

Abstract: Chlorine is often added to activated sludge to cure filamentous activated sludge bulking. Filamentous bacteria must be killed while flocforming bacteria survive during chlorination of activated sludge to cure bulking. The ...