Abstract: Recent model results have suggested that there may be a scalar indicator Σ monitoring whether the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is in a multiple equilibrium regime. The quantity Σ is based on the net ...

Abstract: he present-day global meridional overturning circulation (MOC) with formation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and the absence of a deep-water formation in the North Pacific is often considered to be caused by the fact ...