Abstract: Conventional artificial anal sphincter (AAS) did not have the capability to detect intestinal pressure, which may lead to ischemic necrosis at the clamping site or incomplete fecal release. The biaxial actuated artificial ...

Abstract: Artificial anal sphincter has gradually become an emerging means of treating anal incontinence. However, most of the systems cannot be implanted in the human body for a long time due to insufficient reliability. Therefore, ...