Abstract: l Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are accompanied by an anomalous zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient over the west Pacific Ocean, defined here as the west Pacific SST gradient (WPG). The WPG is defined ...

Abstract: STs in the western Pacific Ocean have tracked closely with CMIP5 simulations despite recent hiatus cooling in the eastern Pacific. This paper quantifies these similarities and associated circulation and precipitation ...

Abstract: eep tropical convection over the Indian Ocean leads to intense diabatic heating, a main driver of the climate system. The Northern Hemisphere circulation and precipitation associated with intraseasonal and seasonal-to-interannual ...

Abstract: he leading pattern of precipitation for the Indian Ocean, one of the most intense areas of rainfall on the globe, is calculated for November?April 1979?2008. The associated regional circulation and thermodynamic forcing ...

Abstract: AbstractThe spatial and temporal evolution of Middle East and southwest Asia (MESW) precipitation characteristics and the associated atmospheric circulation during times in which tropical eastern Indian Ocean precipitation ...

Abstract: he regional influence of the Indian monsoon onset is examined though observational analysis focusing on the Rodwell?Hoskins ?monsoon-desert? hypothesis, which proposes that the strong diabatic heating associated with the ...

Abstract: outhwestern Asia, defined here as the domain bounded by 20°?40°N and 40°?70°E, which includes the nations of Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, is a water-stressed and semiarid region that receives roughly 75% of its ...