Abstract: To examine the seizure mechanism in cold extrusion and forging, a bifurcating extrusion type friction testing machine has been manufactured by the authors. This friction testing method was devised ...

Abstract: An experiment of ironing of aluminum cups has been carried out under various lubrication conditions. The surface appearances of the ironed cups can be classified into five main groups according ...

Abstract: A new testing apparatus has been made to analyze the ironing of thin metal cups. The frictional force Fp that acts axially along the punch side could be measured independently of the punch ...