Abstract: his study addresses the issue of how to upscale cloud-sized in situ measurements of ice to yield realistic simulations of ice clouds for a variety of modeling studies. Aircraft measurements of ice particle counts along a ...

Abstract: It appears that most hail signals less than zero measured by the National Center for Atmospheric Research CP-2 radar during the National Hail Research Experiment were produced by differences between the two beam patterns. ...

Abstract: Representations for the surface area of ice particles in terms of the projected area have been developed using two different methods. The first method uses ice particles that are imaged in situ and geometric calculations ...

Abstract: Ice crystal terminal velocities govern the lifetime of radiatively complex, climatologically important, low-latitude tropopause cirrus clouds. To better understand cloud lifetimes, the terminal velocities of low-latitude ...

Abstract: Ice crystal aggregates imaged by aircraft particle imaging probes often appear to be fractal in nature. As such, their dimensional properties, mass, and projected area can be related using fractal geometry. In cloud ...

Abstract: Extensive comparisons of dual-wavelength (10 and 3 cm) radar data with observations at the ground and penetration aircraft (T-28) measurements of hail in a Colorado storm show that positive hail signals (10 cm reflectivity ...

Abstract: A simple parameterization is presented which allows calculation of surface averaged radial impact velocities for droplets colliding with spheres as a function of the Reynolds and Stokes numbers. These impact velocities are ...

Abstract: he physical and empirical relationships used by microphysics schemes to control the rate at which vapor is transferred to ice crystals growing in supercooled clouds are compared with laboratory data to evaluate the realism ...

Abstract: Particle size spectra were measured during 20 hr of sampling in cirrus generating cells (uncinus, stratus, spissatus, thunderstorm anvil) and the particle concentration, mean crystal length, ice water content, reflectivity ...

Abstract: Cirrus clouds in mid- and high latitudes are frequently composed of bullet rosette? and column-shaped ice crystals, which can have hollow ends. Bullet rosette?shaped ice crystals are composed of a number of bullets radiating ...