Abstract: The external carbon dosage control is studied for the predenitrification processes without the on-line controllability of the nitrate recirculation flow. The control objective is to minimize the external carbon use while ...

Abstract: By observing the acid/base addition rate of a pH controller that controls the pH in a sample of activated sludge mixed liquor at a set point, the proton dynamics of the reactions taking place in the sample can be monitored. ...