Abstract: The zonally integrated meridional and vertical velocities as well as the enthalpy transports and fluxes in a least squares adjusted general circulation model are used to estimate the top-to-bottom oceanic meridional ...

Abstract: ea ice variability in the Labrador Sea is of climatic interest because of its relationship to deep convection, mode-water formation, and the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation. Historically, quantifying the relationship ...

Abstract: his study investigates the hydrographic processes involved in setting the maximum wintertime sea ice (SI) extent in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay. The analysis is based on an ocean and sea ice state estimate covering the ...

Abstract: dynamically consistent state estimate is used for the period 1992?2011 to describe the changes in oceanic temperatures and heat content, with an emphasis on determining the noise background in the abyssal (below 2000 m) ...

Abstract: he zonally integrated meridional volume transport in the North Atlantic [Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC)] is described in a 19-yr-long ocean-state estimate, one consistent with a diverse global dataset. ...

Abstract: Bottom topography, or more generally the geometry of the ocean basins, is an important ingredient in numerical ocean modeling. With the help of an adjoint model, it is shown that scalar diagnostics or objective functions ...

Abstract: Results from a global 1° model constrained by least squares to a multiplicity of datasets over the interval 1992?2004 are used to describe apparent changes in the North Atlantic Ocean meridional overturning circulation and ...

Abstract: Insights from the RAPID?MOCHA observation network in the North Atlantic have motivated a recent focus on the South Atlantic, where water masses are exchanged with neighboring ocean basins. In this study, variability in the ...

Abstract: An eddy-permitting general circulation model of the Southern Ocean is fit by constrained least squares to a large observational dataset during 2005?06. Data used include Argo float profiles, CTD synoptic sections, Southern ...