Abstract: The Al‐Hassa Irrigation and Drainage Authority in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia covers approximately 8,000 ha of cultivable land. To irrigate this project, a precast concrete open‐channel system has been in operation since ...

Abstract: The Al‐Hassa irrigation system, which consists mainly of open concrete canals with different shapes and sizes, is complex in nature due to the presence of features such as gates, bottom falls, and junctions. The distribution ...