Abstract: Aggregation of microbes with particles can reduce the effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. This study evaluated the comparative impact of dispersed spores, dispersed spores mixed with clay particles (nonaggregated), ...

Abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) absorbance measurements are subject to significant error using a standard spectrophotometer when particles or aggregates that scatter light are present. True UV absorbance for highly turbid waters should ...

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the change in

Abstract: Biodosimetry is the currently accepted method for validation of fluence delivery in ultraviolet (UV) reactors for water disinfection. This method utilizes the inactivation of a surrogate microorganism to predict the reduction ...