Abstract: In this study, a series of single-tie push tests were performed on biblock and monoblock sleepers on a test track. In these tests, the variation of shoulder height and shoulder width has been considered as effective ...

Abstract: Karst caves are often encountered during karst tunnel excavation, and the shape of the karst cave has an impact on the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock. This paper focused on the effects of karst cave shape on the ...

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to use an analytical approach to determine the forces in the glenohumeral ligaments during joint motion. Predictions from the analytical approach were validated ...