Abstract: revious studies using coupled general circulation models (GCMs) suggest that the atmosphere model plays a dominant role in the modeled El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and that intermodel differences in the thermodynamical ...

Abstract: In Part I of this study it was shown that air?sea coupling had a positive impact on some aspects of the simulation of the Madden?Julian oscillation (MJO) by a GCM. However, errors in the basic-state climate of that GCM ...

Abstract: The mechanisms leading to El Niño onset and termination in the ECHAM4/OPA coupled GCM are assessed and compared to observations and existing ENSO paradigms. At the equator as well as off equator, the patterns and timing ...

Abstract: The too diverse representation of ENSO in a coupled GCM limits one?s ability to describe future change of its properties. Several studies pointed to the key role of atmosphere feedbacks in contributing to this diversity. ...

Abstract: In a previous study, the effect of the March 1997 Westerly Wind Event (WWE) on the evolution of the tropical Pacific Ocean was studied using an ocean general circulation model (GCM). The response was characterized by (i) ...

Abstract: The question of whether and how tropical Indian Ocean dipole or zonal mode (IOZM) interannual variability is independent of El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability in the Pacific is addressed in a comparison of ...

Abstract: Determining how El Niño and its impacts may change over the next 10 to 100 years remains a difficult scientific challenge. Ocean?atmosphere coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) are routinely used both to analyze El ...