Abstract: Ice conditions hamper winter navigation on major U.S. waterways. Accumulations of broken ice in the upstream approaches to locks and dams can interfere with lock operations and hydropower production. Conveying this ice ...

Abstract: Cazenovia Creek, in Western New York, is the largest tributary of the Buffalo River. Breakup-ice jams form nearly every year, and ice-jam flooding occurs in Buffalo and West Seneca every 2–3 years. A proposed ice-control ...