Abstract: Snow extent and snow depth are two related characteristics of a snowpack, but they do not need to be mutually consistent. Differences between these two variables at local scales are readily apparent. However, at larger ...

Abstract: Snow?atmosphere relationships have been studied for nearly half a century, but the primary focus has been on snow extent variability, largely because of the relative scarcity of snow depth data. A recently released North ...

Abstract: The wintertime Pacific?North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern has previously been shown to influence springtime snow conditions over portions of North America. This paper develops a more complete physical understanding ...

Abstract: The radiative and thermal properties of widespread snow cover anomalies have the potential to modulate local and remote climate over monthly to seasonal time scales. In this study, physical and dynamical links between ...

Abstract: The snowpack is an important seasonal surface water storage reservoir that affects the availability of water resources during the spring and summer seasons in mid?high latitudes. Not surprisingly, interannual variations ...

Abstract: ontinental-scale snow cover represents a broad thermal forcing on monthly-to-intraseasonal time scales, with the potential to modify local and remote atmospheric circulation. A previous GCM study reported robust transient-eddy ...

Abstract: Wintertime Northern Hemisphere climate variability is investigated using large-ensemble (20) numerical GCM simulations. Control simulations with climatological surface (land and ocean) conditions indicate that the Arctic ...

Abstract: Previous modeling studies have identified a teleconnection pathway linking observation-based early season Siberian snow perturbations to a modulation of the winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) mode. In this study, the key role ...

Abstract: Numerous studies have hypothesized that surface boundary conditions or other external mechanisms drive the hemispheric mode of atmospheric variability known as the Arctic Oscillation (AO), or its regional counterpart, the ...

Abstract: Simulated climates using numerical atmospheric general circulation models (GCMS) have been shown to he highly sensitive to the fraction of GCM grid area assumed to be wetted during rain events. The model hydrologic cycle ...