Abstract: The radar reflectivity of thunderstorms at 10 cm is shown to be a good indicator of hail and a rough measure of its size. The physical characteristics of the hailstorm, as deduced from 3- and 10-cm echoes of a large number ...

Abstract: Total instantaneous water contents of several intense thunderstorms were calculated from smoothed representations drawn from quantitative radar observations; values typically ranged from 108?109 kg. Rain rates and accumulations ...

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Abstract: Average reflectivities of the rain falling on a ship, measured with a shipborne radar by observing at close range and high elevation angle, are compared with values computed from drop size measurements on the ship. Agreement ...

Abstract: Several sets of drop size measurements were made on ships and aircraft during GATE. The data were taken primarily as support for the radar measurements and have been analyzed to provide relations between radar reflectivity ...

Abstract: Radar and rain gauge data are used to determine the precipitation pattern in the vicinity of the north coast of Borneo during Winter MONEX. The results show that separate maxima of rain occurred offshore and inland. Satellite ...

Abstract: No abstract available.

Abstract: Radar measurements and model studies are combined to investigate the plasma condition and the physical structure of lightning in thunderclouds. The lightning radar target is inferred to be an arclike plasma whose temperature ...

Abstract: Radar and satellite observations in the vicinity of northern Borneo obtained during the International Winter Monsoon Experiment (WMONEX) showed that the convection in that region underwent an extremely regular diurnal ...