Abstract: The energetics and behavior of midtropospheric troughs over the Southern Hemisphere and their relationship with South America surface cyclogenesis were studied during the winters of 1999?2003. All surface cyclogenesis ...

Abstract: The location and movement of 500-hPa troughs using an automated method are studied with data from a 24-yr period with the objective of determining the trough formation and dissipation regions in the Southern Hemisphere. ...